ZERO CONDITIONAL

30 April 2020

Hi! My dear learners!

Hope you would have enjoyed the lesson on’ COVID 19 -VOCABULARY’ and answered the quiz that followed.

Are you not eager to check the answers?

Please go to the following web address to know the correct answers

https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/coronavirus-covid19-quiz.php

Today, I post the last part of conditionals, ZERO CONDITIONALS, WITH A MINI QUIZ.

Learn and understand the lesson. Revise all the previous lessons posted on conditionals

Tomorrow you will have to take a quiz on all conditionals, namely, first conditional, second conditional, third conditional and the zero conditional.

Have a pleasant day

HOD/ English

Zero Conditional

for certainty

If you heat ice, it melts.

We use the so-called zero conditional when the result of the condition is always true, like a scientific fact.

Take some ice. Put it in a saucepan. Heat the saucepan. What happens? The ice melts (it becomes water). You would be surprised if it did not.

if	condition	result
	Present Simple	Present Simple
If	you heat ice,	it melts.

Notice that we are thinking about a result that is always true for this condition. The result of the condition is an absolute certainty. We are not thinking about the future or the past, or even the present. We are thinking about a simple fact. We use the Present Simple tense to talk about the condition. We also use the Present Simple tense to talk about the result. The important thing about the zero conditional is that the condition always has the same result

.

Look at these example sentences:

if	condition	result
	Present Simple	Present Simple
If	I miss the 8 o'clock bus,	I am late for work.
If	I am late for work,	my boss gets angry.
If	people don't eat,	they get hungry.
If	you heat ice,	does it melt?

result	if	condition
Present Simple		Present Simple
I am late for work	if	I miss the 8 o'clock bus.
My boss gets angry	if	I am late for work.
People get hungry	if	they don't eat.
Does ice melt	if	you heat it?

We often use when instead of if, for example: When I get up late, I miss my bus.

Mini Quiz

1. The zero conditional is used when the result of the condition is

            no longer true

            still possible

            always true

2. "If you _______ water for a long time, it boils." Which is correct?

            Heat

            Heated

            Had heated

3. "We get tired when we _______ get enough sleep." Which is correct?

            Won’t

            Don’t

            Haven’t

corona virus COVID 19 Vocabulary and QUIZ

29 April 2020

Hello students!

Good morning

Hope you are spending the time usefully these lockdown days.

Today, I have posted a lesson on “COVID 19 VOCABULARY BUILDING’.

Please go through the glossary of words connected to COVID 19 and try to understand the meaning of the given words and usage..

Then attempt the quiz that follows the glossary.

Forward your answers to the following email id quoting your name, branch of study and your mobile number,

english-hod@pcet.edu.in

Coronavirus COVID-19 Vocabulary

Background

In December 2019 a new disease was identified in China. On investigation, the disease was caused by a new virus of the coronavirus family, and has since been officially named COVID-19.

It is believed (subject to further investigation) that COVID-19 originated in a meat and live-animal market in the city of Wuhan (where I was employed for three months) in the province of Hubei in the country of China. It subsequently spread to other countries and was officially pronounced a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020.

Glossary

asymptomatic (adjective): showing no symptoms of a particular disease - She had no idea her husband had coronavirus because he was asymptomatic.

contagious (adjective): describing a disease that can pass from person to person, usually by direct contact; describing a person with such a disease. See infectious - Patients who are still contagious are kept in isolation.

coronavirus (noun): any one of a large family of viruses that can cause disease in the breathing and eating systems of humans and animals (respiratory and digestive systems). Coronavirus diseases can range from the relatively harmless common cold to more severe and potentially fatal diseases such as SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). Seen through a microscope, coronaviruses appear circular with spikes, like crowns 👑, and are named from the Latin for crown, which is corona. Coronaviruses normally originate in animals and usually cannot be passed to humans. But very occasionally a coronavirus mutates and can then be transmitted from animal to human, and then from human to human. This is how the SARS epidemic started in the early 2000s, for example - Did you know that flu is a coronavirus disease?

COVID-19 (noun): official name for the novel coronavirus disease that emerged in China in 2019. COVID-19 = COronaVIrus Disease-2019 - All countries are requested to report any new confirmed case of COVID-19within 48 hours

epidemic (noun): occurrence of a particular disease in a large number of people in a particular area. See outbreak, pandemic - The city was devastated by an epidemic of cholera in the 19th century.

nfectious (adjective): describing a disease that can be transmittedthrough the environment; describing a human or animal capable of spreading an infection. See contagious - Avoid the dogs as they may still be infectious.

isolate (verb): keep an infected person away from healthy people - They will isolate anyone suspected of having the disease.

 Lockdown ( noun) a temporary condition imposed by governmental authorities (as during the outbreak of an epidemic disease) in which people are required to stay in their homes and refrain from or limit activities outside the home involving public contact (such as dining out or attending large gatherings)Authorities placed the central Chinese city under lockdown on Jan. 23 after the virus had infected hundreds of residents and was just starting its spread across the globe.

mask (noun): a piece of fibre or cloth that fits over the nose and mouth to protect other people from the wearer's germs and/or the wearer from germs in the air - The World Health Organization recommend that people should not wear masks unless they may be carrying COVID-19 (to protect other people) or are caring for anyone suffering from COVID-19 (to protect themselves).

novel coronavirus (noun): the word novel means “new”, and a newly identified coronavirus strain is often called a novel coronavirus - Until they gave it a name, they mostly referred to COVID-19 as novel coronavirus(disease).

outbreak (noun): a sudden occurrence of a disease (or other unpleasant thing). See epidemic, pandemic - There was another outbreak of the disease in 1993 but the cause was uncertain.

pandemic (noun): occurrence of a particular disease throughout a whole country or the world. See epidemic, outbreak - Just after the First World War there was a pandemic of flu which killed up to 40 million people worldwide.

personal protective equipment (PPE) (noun): special clothing, headgear, goggles, masks and other garments that shield people from injury or infection. - Much of the PPE worn by doctors and nurses has to be worn once only and destroyed after use.

quarantine (noun): isolation and monitoring of people who seem healthy but may have been exposed to an infectious disease to see if they develop symptoms - For centuries it's been common for ships arriving from infected areas to be kept in quarantine at the docks, originally for 40 days which is where the term comes from.

self-isolate (verb): isolate oneself; put oneself in quarantine, away from other people - The prime minister's wife has tested positive for COVID-19 and the couple are now self-isolating and working by phone and Skype.

social distancing (noun): practice of encouraging people to minimize contact and closeness, whether by banning large or even small groups/meetings (football matches, nightclubs), or by maintaining a minimum distance between people (for example one metre or two metres) - The government has instructed schools to take social distancing measures to slow the spread of the virus.

symptomatic (adjective): showing symptoms of a particular disease - Anyone who is symptomatic is advised to phone a doctor and get tested.

test negative | test positive (verb): if you take a test for an infection and you test negative, that means you do not have the infection. If you test positive, that means you have the infection. - The President is pleased to announce that he has tested negative for the virus.

virus (noun): a living thing, too small to be seen without a microscope, that causes infectious disease in animals and humans - Like all diseases caused by viruses, the common cold cannot be cured with antibiotics.

Coronavirus COVID-19 Vocabulary Quiz 

1. People who show no signs of a given disease are

            Asymptomatic

            unsymptomatic
            unsympathetic

2. Which is a virus?

            COVID-19

            Influenza

            Coronavirus

3. Which is a disease?

            COVID-19

            SARS-CoV-2

            Coronavirus

4. SARS-CoV-2 can _______ humans.

            Defect

            Effect

            Infect

5. Which is most widespread?

            an outbreak

            an epidemic

            a pandemic

6. The word quarantine comes from

            the number 40

            the term guarantee

             the fraction quarter

7. After showing symptoms he was told to _______ for 14 days.

            Quarantine

            self-isolate

            stay in home

8. A person with symptoms of a disease _______ that disease.

            Has

            May have

            Can not have

9. A disease that can be transmitted to humans from animals is

            Hypnotic

            Stenotic

            Zoonotic

10. He was happy to learn that his mother tested _______ for this corona virus.

            Negative

            Positive

            Successfully

THIRD CONDITIONAL

28 April 2020

Dear students

Good evening.

Have you attempted the mini quiz posted yesterday?

Here are the answers:

1. little real possibility

2. were

3. asked

Hope almost all of you must have scored 100%

Today I am happy to post a lesson on ‘third conditional.’

Learn the lesson well and try to answer the mini quiz.

You will get the correct answers in the next posting.

Third Conditional

for no possibility

If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a car.

The first conditional and second conditionals talk about the future. With the third conditional we talk about the past. We talk about a condition in the past that did not happen. That is why there is no possibility for this condition. The third conditional is also like a dream, but with no possibility of the dream coming true

Last week you bought a lottery ticket. But you did not win. :-(

if	condition	result
	Past Perfect	would have + past participle
If	I had won the lottery,	I would have bought a car.

Notice that we are thinking about an impossible past condition. You did not win the lottery. So the condition was not true, and that particular condition can never be true because it is finished. We use the Past Perfect tense to talk about the impossible past condition. We use would have + past participle to talk about the impossible past result. The important thing about the third conditional is that both the condition and result are impossible now.

if	condition	result
	Past Perfect	would have + past participle
If	I had seen Mary,	I would have told her.
If	Tara had been free yesterday,	I would have invited her.
If	they had not passed their exam,	their teacher would have been sad.
If	it had rained yesterday,	would you have stayed at home?
If	it had rained yesterday,	what would you have done?
If	You had played well,	You would have won the match
If	You had studied well,	You would have passed the examination

result	if	condition
would have + past participle		Past Perfect
I  would have told Mary	if	I had seen her.
I would have invited Tara	if	she had been free yesterday.
Their teacher would have been sad	if	they had not passed their exam.
Would you have stayed at home	if	it had rained yesterday?
What would you have done	if	it had rained yesterday?
You would have won the match	if	You had played well.
You would have passed the examination	if	You had studied well.

Sometimes, we use should have, could have, might have instead of would have, for example: If you had bought a lottery ticket, you might have won

Mini Quiz

1. The third conditional is used when both the condition and result are

            no longer possible

            still possible

            always true

2. "If we _______ free, we would have gone with you." Which is correct?

            Were

            Are

            had been

. "If you'd studied harder, you _______ failed." Which creates a third conditional sentence that makes sense?

            Would

            would have

            wouldn't have