REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS:

Regular and Irregular verbs

REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS:

REGULAR VERBS:

Every verb has four principal parts. The principal parts of the verb are:

1.      The present

2.      The past

3.      The past participle

4.      The present participle

Most verbs in English are regular. The past and past participle of a regular verb are formed by adding –d or –ed to the present. Regular verbs have predictable patterns.

The past participle is the form of the verb used with the helping verbs have, has, or had or some form of be (am/ is/ are/ was/ were) with passive verbs.

The present participle is formed by adding –ing to the present.

present	past	past participle	present participle
clean	cleaned	cleaned	cleaning
finish	finished	finished	finishing
use	used	used	using
stop	stopped	stopped	stopping

We use ‘simple past’ to denote actions that happened in the past.

We use the past participle to make the perfect tenses and for all passive forms.

Perfect (have/has/had leaned)

1.      I have cleaned the windows.

2.      She has cleaned the vessels.

3.      They hadn’t finished.

Passive (is/was/are/were/cleaned)

1.      The room is/ was cleaned every day.

2.      The rooms are/ were cleaned every day

IRREGULAR VERBS:

Irregular verbs have irregular forms in the past tense and past participle. The past simple and the past participle of irregular verbs are not –ed or –d

Compare:

	present	past	past participle
regular	walk	walked	walked
irregular	go	went	gone

1.      With some irregular verbs, all the three forms (present, past, and past participle) are the same.

present	past	past participle
hit	hit	hit
bet	bet	bet
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut
hurt	hurt	hurt
let	let	let
put	put	put
set	set	set
shut	shut	shut

·         Don’t hit me ( present)

·         Some body hit me as I came into the room. (simple past)

·         I have never hit anybody in my life (past participle- present perfect)

·         Arun was hit on the head by a stone ( past simple- passive)

2.      With other irregular verbs, past simple is the same as the past participle ( but different from the present

present	past	past participle
bend	bent	bent
build	built	built
buy	bought	bought
catch	caught	caught
feed	fed	fed
feel	felt	felt
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
have	had	had
keep	kept	kept
lead	led	led
leave	left	left
lend	lent	lent
light	lit	lit
lose	lost	lost
make	made	made
pay	paid	paid
sell	sold	sold
sleep	slept	slept
spend	spent	spent
stand	stood	stood
tell	told	told
think	thought	thought
win	won	won

Can you tell me what to do? (present)

She told me to come back the next day (past)

Have you told anybody about your new job? ( past participle, present perfect)

I was told to come back the next day( past participle, passive)

3.      With some other irregular verbs, all the three forms are different.

present	past	past participle
awake	awoke	awaken
begin	began	begun
break	broke	broken
choose	chose	chosen
come	came	come
do	did	done
draw	drew	drawn
drive	drove	driven
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
fly	flew	flown
forget	forgot	forgotten
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
know	knew	known
ring	rang	rung
shake	shook	shaken
speak	spoke	spoken
see	saw	seen
steal	stole	stolen
take	took	taken
throw	threw	thrown
wear	wore	worn
write	wrote	written

4.      The following verbs can be regular or irregular:

	present	past	past participle
regular irregular	burn burn	burned burnt	burned burnt
regular irregular	dream dream	dreamed dreamt	dreamed dreamt
regular irregular	learn learn	learned learnt	learned learnt
regular irregular	smell smell	smelled smelt	smelled smelt
regular irregular	spell spell	spelled spelt	spelled spelt

TASK 1:     

Concept check (Irregular verbs)

Choose the right verb form given in brackets:

1.      Last week my father and I ……… (ride, rode) up to CBE.

2.      On the way we played games and ……….. (sing, sang) songs.

3.      On our first night in CBE, we stayed in a motel and ……… ( swim, swam, swum) in the pool.

4.      When the school bell ……… ( ring, rang) Arun ignored it.

5.      His mother, a teacher had……… ( chose, chosen) to teach him at home.

6.      When he was young, his parents…….(gave, given) him a microscope.

7.      During festival session, Arun ….. ( went, gone) outside with a camera.

8.      He took pictures of trees that had…………( fallen, fell)on the earth.

9.      He has…………( wrote, written) a book that has hundreds of his pictures.

TASK2:

Write the past simple/ past participle of the following verbs.

present	past simple	past participle
1.      make
2.      cut
3.      get
4.      bring
5.      pay
6.      enjoy
7.      buy
8.      sit
9.      leave
10.  happen
11.  hear
12.  put
13.  catch
14.  watch
15.  understand

1.      break
2.      begin
3.      eat
4.      drink
5.      drive
6.      run
7.      speak
8.      write
9.      come
10.  know
11.  take
12.  go
13.  give
14.  throw
15.  forget

TASK3:

Put the verb in the right form:

1.      I ………… ( wash) my hands because they were dirty.

2.      Somebody has………. ( break) this window.

3.      I feel good. I…………. ( sleep) very well last night.

4.      We……….. (see) a very good film yesterday.

5.      I’ve……….. (lose my bag. Have you……..( see) it?

6.      Anitha’s bicycle was………… ( steal) last week.

7.      Have you ……… (finish) your work?

8.       Arun ….,…..( learn) to drive when he was 18.

9.      I have never………… ( ride a horse.

10.  Yesterday, I……… ( fall) and ………. (hurt) my leg.

TASK4:

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate verb forms.

	simple present	simple past	past participle
1.	sustain
2.		banned
3.	arise
4.		found
5.		hit
6	lose
7	produce
8		caught
9	drive
10			grown
11			known
12
13	overthrow
14		spoilt
15			swept

TASK5:

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the word given in bracket.

1.      I …………… ( complete) all my homework at school yesterday.

2.      She ……….( find) a solution to the problems faced by the poor in the villages.

3.      You……….( (eat) my breakfast.

4.      The price of petrol ………( fall) since last month.

5.      Arun………( meet) his friend near the old church yesterday.

6.      Anitha has ………..( forget) her shopping list and does’t know what to buy.

7.      Easwaran………..( (hit) a century in the test match last year.

8.      Gunasekaran has………( give)  them some money to buy some new clothes.

9.      Rooba……..( take) an English test last week.

10.  The matter was…….. ( deal) with by the officials.

11.  The birds have……..(fly) north for this winter.

TASK6;

Supply the correct form of the given verb to fit the sentence.

1.      ( see)          I have……… a great change in woodworking tools.

2.      (swear)       I………..I would always use safety glasses.

3.      (write)        I have not………… anything longer than a three page report.

4.      (cut)           I ………..part of the report after I read it.

5.      (take)         It has……….. me several hours to readt he operating manual.

6.      ( break)      I ………… my concentration when a friend came.

7.      ( do)           The report was…….. before midnight.

8.      (give)         I have……….. up my habit of putting things off.

9.      (prove)       The argument could not be ……………

10.  (throw)       After the report was returned, I…… my back up copy away.

TAKS7:

Use each present tense verb in a sentence. Then rewrite the sentence, changing the verb to the past, future, past participle, and – ing form.

Example: come

a	Present	We come to the site
b	Past	We came to the site
c	Future:	We will come to the site
d	Past participle:	We have come to the site
e	–ing form:	We are coming to the site

	go	write	do	bring
present
past
future
past participle
-ing form

Annexure: l List of irregular verbs:

present	past	past participle
be, is, am, are	was, were	been
beat	beat	beaten
become	became	become
bid( offer)	bid	bid
bind	bound	bound
bite	bit	bit
bleed	bled	bled
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
bring	brought	brought
build	built	built
burst	burst	burst
buy	bought	bought
cast	cast	cast
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
cling	clung	clung
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
creep	crept	crept
cut	cut	cut
deal	dealt	dealt
dig	dug	dug
do	did	done
drag	dragged	dragged
draw	drew	drawn
drink	drank	drunk
drive	drove	driven
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
feed	fed	fed
feel	felt	felt
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
fly	flew	flown
forget	forgot	forgotten
Freeze	froze	frozen
get	got	got
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
hang( execute)	hanged	hanged
hang(suspend)	hung	hung
have	had	had